Black_Rose2007/07/24 18:50:14조회수 96

2.00.04 - Tank

Tanks are used to transport liquids and are one of narrow-purpose kinds of trailers and semi-trailers. The reason is, for similar but different by parameters liquids, different tank modifications are required. For example, crude oil and gasoline cannot be transported in the same tanks, let alone chemicals, water, milk etc. There are special kinds of tanks for granular material.

The main types of tanks (by load types): for crude oil, light oil, dark petrol chemicals (asphalt, bitumen) – with heating, liquefied gases – high pressure proof, cryogenic, for liquid waste, chemicals – various kinds for inert or aggressive substances, high or low pressure, hygienic – for transportation of water, milk, juices etc.

The choice of materials for the tanks is also mainly based on the properties of the target cargo; it is aluminum (oil or oil products, inert chemicals), carbon steel (dark oil products, low-aggressive chemicals, liquid waste), stainless high-alloy steel (aggressive chemicals, drinking water, milk, juices).

The main characteristics of tank semitrailers are:

• volume capacity – 20000 – 40000 liters
• length – 13.7 – 16.1 m
• weight – 4.5 – 6 t
• number of baffles – 1 – 5
• working pressure – up to 25 kg/cm sq
• suspension – air, leaf spring.

To provide the stability, compartments of a tank are equipped with wave breakers. Tanks for oil products are equipped with breather valves and surge tanks. Casing of hygienic tanks is isothermal, to preserve the desired temperature for a long time.

To reduce the risk of overheating, in regions with hot climate, the outside surface of the tanks is either made of polished metal or painted with light colors.